Resin-Bonded Bridges Part 1: The Restorative Option You Didn’t Know You Needed 

November 13, 2024 Lee Ann Brady

By Lee Ann Brady, DMD 

Balancing Benefits and Risks in Restorative Dentistry 

As restorative dentists, our commitment to providing high-quality, lasting care is unwavering. Ideally, we’d offer our patients restorative solutions that last a lifetime without needing repair or replacement. However, in reality, no restoration is permanent, so balancing the benefits and potential risks is essential in choosing the right solutions for each patient. 

What Makes Resin-Bonded Bridges Unique? 

Among restorative options, resin-bonded bridges may not be the first to come to mind, yet they serve as a unique solution for specific cases. Resin-bonded bridges are known for their conservative approach—they don’t require extensive alteration of the surrounding teeth and can often be placed without surgical intervention. For young patients, in particular, this minimally invasive option has a range of benefits. 

Preserving Alveolar Ridge Development in Young Patients 

One of the reasons resin-bonded bridges are favorable for younger patients is their flexibility in preserving the natural development of the alveolar ridge. By delaying more permanent options, such as implants, patients can avoid the potential complications related to ridge development and aesthetics that could arise years later. These bridges also offer an unobtrusive alternative, especially for patients who need a solution but may not be ready for an implant due to age or other factors. 

Setting Realistic Expectations with Patients 

Recommending a resin-bonded bridge requires a balanced approach to patient communication. These bridges are more likely to become loose over time, demanding a higher level of care and caution from patients. They must be aware of dietary limitations, avoiding hard or sticky foods that could disrupt the bond. Educating patients on the longevity and maintenance requirements of resin-bonded bridges helps set realistic expectations while ensuring they understand the care involved. 

A Conservative Yet Valuable Solution 

Despite their potential for detachment, resin-bonded bridges remain a valuable choice when the clinical situation calls for it. They offer patients a pathway to maintain oral functionality and aesthetics without the invasiveness of traditional restorative methods. Especially in younger individuals or those with adjacent unrestored teeth, this solution balances the need for stability with the importance of conserving natural tooth structure. 

Up Next in Part 2 

Part 2 of this series will discuss how resin-bonded bridges compare with other restorative options, such as traditional fixed bridges and implants. By understanding these options more fully, we can better guide our patients toward the solution that best fits their unique needs and preferences. 

 

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Mastering Dental Photography: From Start to Finish

DATE: October 29 2026 @ 8:00 am - October 31 2026 @ 12:00 pm

Location: The Pankey Institute

CE HOURS: 19

Regular Tuition: $ 2995

Single Occupancy with Ensuite Private Bath (per night): $ 355

Dental photography is an indispensable tool for a high level practice. We will review camera set-up and what settings to use for each photo. All photos from diagnostic series, portraits,…

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Precise Prepping for Veneers 

November 6, 2024 Charlie Ward, DDS

By Charlie Ward, DDS,

You’ve done your digital planning, printed your models, and created a mockup. That’s great! But before you start prepping those teeth, we need to make sure that mockup is spot on. Why? Because a precise mockup ensures that our preparations create enough space for the restorative material. 

Here’s where the magic happens: digital calipers. Yep, those little measuring tools are our secret weapon. We measure the distal-most tooth on each side and one in the middle. Then, we compare those measurements to the ones we took from the model. If they’re within a tenth of a millimeter, we’re good to go! 

A quick tip: If you’re right-handed like me, be mindful of applying even pressure when seating the matrices. You don’t want to push harder on one side than the other. 

The next step is the prep stage. When working with veneer patients, we must be very intentional while removing tooth structure from our mockup so that we can create adequate room for restorative material. On Restorative Nation, Veneers Tips and Tricks Prep With Intention – Restorative Nation, I demonstrate various burs. It’s through a thorough understanding and careful selection of burs that we can guarantee an accurate preparation. 

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Mastering Dental Photography: From Start to Finish

DATE: October 29 2026 @ 8:00 am - October 31 2026 @ 12:00 pm

Location: The Pankey Institute

CE HOURS: 19

Regular Tuition: $ 2995

Single Occupancy with Ensuite Private Bath (per night): $ 355

Dental photography is an indispensable tool for a high level practice. We will review camera set-up and what settings to use for each photo. All photos from diagnostic series, portraits,…

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Discussing Dental Decay with Older Adults 

September 16, 2024 Lee Ann Brady

by Lee Ann Brady 

Have you ever noticed a confused look on the face of an older dental patient when you tell them they have a cavity? Many people falsely assume that only small children develop cavities. When I let older adults know that they have one or more cavities, they say something like, “Wait, I thought only kids get cavities” or “I haven’t had a cavity in decades.”  

They honestly think we outgrow that, so I typically say to these patients, “I know you’re thinking that cavities are something that only kids get, and you’ve outgrown this. But that isn’t accurate. Yes, kids are often prone to getting cavities, but adults can get them for the same reasons.” 

Most of my older adults with cavities are doing a good job with their oral hygiene, so I will explain four things to them.  

  1. As we age our saliva is no longer as protective. There are also lots of medications older adults take that diminish saliva production. But, even if our mouth does not feel dry, the saliva does not protect us against bacteria and plaque as well as when we were younger. 
  2. As we age our taste buds change, and the foods that satisfy us the most are carbohydrates, so like children, older adults tend to eat more sugary foods. 
  3. As we age, if we have gum recession, we have larger space between our teeth, and this tends to trap more food particles that feed bacteria.
     
  4. After teeth are restored, normal function over time can introduce openings in the restoration, and bacteria can creep into those openings. 

After we talk about the various reasons that they and other older adults may get cavities, we talk about the fact that there are several preventive strategies and I suggest ones they might like to try.  

My patients enjoy our conversations because they know I really care about them, and I will happily spend time explaining why changes are occurring in their mouth. They appreciate hearing that their problem is not unusual and there are strategies to avoid cavities going forward. 

 

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Breathing and Airway Support Part 4: Four Exercises 

September 10, 2024 Steve Carstensen DDS

By Steve Carstensen, DDS 

The following four exercises will support your physiology. As you practice them during the day, your nighttime breathing will improve. These exercises are not a cure for snoring or sleep apnea but any improvement in respiratory patterns helps day and night. 

Light Breathing  

Our brains are sensitive to the oxygen and carbon dioxide balance in our blood. The buildup of CO2 triggers respiratory cycles. As we breathe lightly, we increase our brain’s CO2 tolerance. If we are sensitive to hypercapnia, we breathe faster. Quicker breaths lead us into poor gas balance.  

Imagine there is a string in the top of your head pulling it towards the ceiling. Your posture is straight. Now close your lips so you are nose breathing. Breathe as lightly as you can so you barely feel the air moving through your nose for two minutes. Don’t concentrate on how deep you breathe. As you do this you will wish you could breathe a little more. That’s called “air hunger.” As you do this exercise more, the air hunger will fade. You are changing your body’s CO2 tolerance.  

Increasing the amount of CO2 our brain allows us to maintain helps our blood release more oxygen to our cells. Blowing off too much CO2 starves our cells of the oxygen they need for health.  

Deep Breathing  

The next exercise is called “Breathe Deep.” We have two different major muscle groups that fill our lungs. The primary one is the diaphragm, the secondary one is the intercostal muscles of our chest, between our ribs. Diaphragmatic breathing—breathing deep with your diaphragm, produces physiologic benefits. The increase in intra-abdominal pressure increases gut motility and activates the back and pelvic muscles to stabilize your core. This strengthens good posture.  

Sit up or stand straight. Place your hands on your sides so you feel your last two ribs. Breathe slowly and lightly. Feel those two ribs expanding. The diaphragm attaches above these ribs, so the muscles are not moving the ribs; the intra-abdominal pressure is pushing out on those ribs. Now breathe through your nose deeply so you can feel those ribs expand. Do this for two minutes. You might feel a bit of air hunger during this exercise as well.  

Slow Breathing  

The third exercise is “Breathe Slowly.” This is a cadence or timing exercise issue. As you breathe lightly and you breathe deeply, you breathe in for a count of four, hold it for a second, breathe out for a count of six, hold it for a second, and then repeat the cycle of in for four, hold for one, out for six, and hold for one. This will add up to six breaths per minute, which is the best for health because it calms the autonomic nervous system and sends the right signal to the vagus nerve and the rest of the nervous system. You can fit this into your day between patients to calm down and focus better.  

Control Pause Breathing  

The “Control Pause” breathing exercise measures the number of seconds you can comfortably hold your breath after exhaling and is an indicator of how well you breathe. Athletes can go as long as 40 seconds. You might be able to go 15, and that’s okay because this exercise, practiced over time, will improve your breathing volume.  

Breathe in through your nose, exhale, and then pinch your nose. Wait for your body to tell you when to breathe. This is not the very first indication, nor is it a ‘breath-holding contest.’  When you are aware of the signal, breathe normally again for ten seconds, pinch your nose again, and hold. By practicing this pattern for three minutes, over time, you will see you can pause your breathing longer and longer. The number doesn’t matter. The effect you have on the number with practice does matter. If you aim towards a pause of 30 to 40 seconds, you can achieve great breathing health and athletic fitness. It’s another way of increasing your CO2 tolerance, providing more oxygen to your cells.  

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Mastering Dental Photography: From Start to Finish

DATE: October 29 2026 @ 8:00 am - October 31 2026 @ 12:00 pm

Location: The Pankey Institute

CE HOURS: 19

Regular Tuition: $ 2995

Single Occupancy with Ensuite Private Bath (per night): $ 355

Dental photography is an indispensable tool for a high level practice. We will review camera set-up and what settings to use for each photo. All photos from diagnostic series, portraits,…

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Steve Carstensen DDS

Dr. Steve Carstensen, DDS, is the co-founder of Premier Sleep Associates, a dental practice dedicated to treating obstructive sleep apnea and snoring. After graduating from Baylor College of Dentistry in 1983, he and his wife, Midge, a dental hygienist, started a private practice of general dentistry in Texas before moving to native Seattle in 1990. In 1996 he achieved Fellowship in the Academy of General Dentists in recognition of over 3000 hours of advanced education in dentistry, with an increasing amount of time in both practice and classwork devoted to sleep medicine. A lifelong educator himself, Dr. Steve is currently the Sleep Education Director for The Pankey Institute. As a volunteer leader for the American Dental Association, he was a Program Chairman and General Chairman for the Annual Session, the biggest educational event the Association sponsors. For the American Academy of Dental Sleep Medicine he’s been a Board Member, Secretary Treasurer, and President-Elect. In 2006 he achieved Certification by the American Board of Dental Sleep Medicine. In 2014, he became the founding Editor-in-Chief of Dental Sleep Practice magazine, a publication for medical professionals treating sleep patients. He is a frequent contributor to webinars and other online education in this field.

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Breathing and Airway Support Part 3:  Helping Our Adult Patients  

September 6, 2024 Steve Carstensen DDS

By Steve Carstensen, DDS 

Patients come to our dental offices with some common complaints related to poor breathing and oral inflammation…dry mouth…bad breath…gingivitis…excessive wear on teeth. They ask us to help them.  

One of the things we can do for our patients is to be curious about whether they have intermittent hypoxemia that is diagnosable and treatable. I caution us to be aware of having too narrow of a focus. When someone presents with jaw pain, wake-up headaches, and tooth wear, we tend to think they need a supporting nightguard. I think we should be curious about what else might be going on. 

I ask my patients about snoring. I ask them if they have been diagnosed with a breathing disorder. I wonder if they should be using CPAP before I make a bite splint. If you make a splint, they may come back and report they don’t like the splint, which may be because it interferes with their breathing. So, I recommend we stay curious, and when we do make a protective guard for their teeth, we ask more questions. Make sure the diagnosis we make not only correlates with the symptoms, but the patient responds well to the treatment we provide.  

How can we help our patients’ breathing physiology? We can help them be better breathers. There are oral appliances that keep the jaw from falling back and crowding the airway but what about the daytime? It turns out that people who breathe “badly” during the day develop breathing behaviors that the brain continues during the night, and these behaviors are inefficient for keeping the airway open during sleep. So, if we help our patients breathe better in the daytime, we set their brains to be more capable of handling airway disruptions during sleep.  

If you’ve read the book Breath by James Nestor, you will learn about the daytime problems translating into nighttime problems and that nose breathing is best for our physiology. I am a huge nose breathing fan. There are electrical signals that pass from specialized cells in the nose directly to the limbic system which influences our autonomic nervous system. It filters sensory signals from the rest of the body and sends proprioceptive signals into the cortex and down into the autonomic nervous system. None of these brain-signaling signals happen with mouth breathing. 

If you ask someone, “How is your nose breathing?” They will say, “Fine,” because you are the dentist, and they think that is a strange question. They also are accustomed to the amount of work it takes to breathe through their nose, so they don’t really know if they breathe through their nose well enough. The way to test is to ask them to close their lips and put their finger over their lips for two minutes and breathe calmly. With the finger over their lips, they are unlikely to have difficulty breathing through their nose but if they start breathing faster this is a sign of stress. If their heart rate goes up, if they know it was tough for them to do, there is something interfering with their nose breathing. It might be a deviated septum, allergies, a head cold or chronic rhinitis—but something is wrong.  

Knowing this is handy when we are planning to do restorations. You won’t use a rubber dam if they can’t breathe through their nose, or you will schedule to do the restorations after they’ve been medicated. I have found that Afrin is good for clearing the nasal passages before dental treatments. Short-term help is good but stay curious about how often they cannot breathe through their nose, and help them. 

Related Course

Mastering Dental Photography: From Start to Finish

DATE: October 29 2026 @ 8:00 am - October 31 2026 @ 12:00 pm

Location: The Pankey Institute

CE HOURS: 19

Regular Tuition: $ 2995

Single Occupancy with Ensuite Private Bath (per night): $ 355

Dental photography is an indispensable tool for a high level practice. We will review camera set-up and what settings to use for each photo. All photos from diagnostic series, portraits,…

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Steve Carstensen DDS

Dr. Steve Carstensen, DDS, is the co-founder of Premier Sleep Associates, a dental practice dedicated to treating obstructive sleep apnea and snoring. After graduating from Baylor College of Dentistry in 1983, he and his wife, Midge, a dental hygienist, started a private practice of general dentistry in Texas before moving to native Seattle in 1990. In 1996 he achieved Fellowship in the Academy of General Dentists in recognition of over 3000 hours of advanced education in dentistry, with an increasing amount of time in both practice and classwork devoted to sleep medicine. A lifelong educator himself, Dr. Steve is currently the Sleep Education Director for The Pankey Institute. As a volunteer leader for the American Dental Association, he was a Program Chairman and General Chairman for the Annual Session, the biggest educational event the Association sponsors. For the American Academy of Dental Sleep Medicine he’s been a Board Member, Secretary Treasurer, and President-Elect. In 2006 he achieved Certification by the American Board of Dental Sleep Medicine. In 2014, he became the founding Editor-in-Chief of Dental Sleep Practice magazine, a publication for medical professionals treating sleep patients. He is a frequent contributor to webinars and other online education in this field.

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Breathing and Airway Support Part 2: Helping Our Pediatric Population   

September 2, 2024 Steve Carstensen DDS

By Steve Carstensen, DDS 

I want to share a clear example of how bad sleep directly affects the anatomical structures dentists pay a lot of attention to—the mandibular condyles.  

Sleep Disruption Disrupts Bone Regeneration 

We’ve all seen on X-rays condyles that do not look healthy. We wonder what causes so much degeneration. There are shelves of books and whole courses about what goes wrong but one of the things that affects condyles is a circadian rhythm disruption. Research* with rats has demonstrated that sleep disruption disrupts bone regeneration, causing thinning of the condyles. 

* Corrigendum: Circadian rhythm protein Bmal1 modulates cartilage gene expression in temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis via the MAPK/ERK pathway. Chen G, Zhao H, Ma S, Chen L, Wu G, Zhu Y, Zhu J, Ma C, Zhao H.Front Pharmacol. 2022 Sep 8;13:971840. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.971840. eCollection 2022.  

Rats were interrupted from their sleep cycles so they could not get through a normal night’s sleep. After eight weeks they took the disruptions away. During the first four weeks the cartilage layer over the condyles thinned, became really thin at six weeks, and stayed that way across eight weeks. After they returned the rats to undisrupted sleep for four weeks, the breaks in the normal covering of the condyles were still there.  

What do we take from that? The earlier in life that we establish healthy physiology that supports healthy sleep, the greater the chance children have of growing human condyles to withstand TMJ problems later.  

Disrupted Sleep Contributes to Multiple Health Issues 

There’s a lot of research that points to poor breathing contributing to pediatric and adolescent health issues. Among these issues are neurological deficits, behavioral problems, poor school performance, and pulmonary hypertension. A primary cause of poor-quality sleep among our youngest patients is enlarged tonsils and adenoids that obstruct their airway.  

Helping Children and Teens Breath and Sleep Better 

What can dentists do in daily practice with children and teens to help them breathe better and sleep better early in life?  

  1. Educate our adult patients who are parents of children to be aware of signs and symptoms.  
  2. Develop a culture within our practice of being a health consultant, so our adult patients feel welcome to easily engage in conversations about health issues that commonly affect children and teens.  
  3. Introduce the parents to their own need for an open airway for healthy sleep to raise awareness.  
  4. Assess all our patients for breathing issues and examine their airways for signs of obstruction.  
  5. Provide guidance to our adult patients and to the parents of the young people in our care so they can choose appropriate care.  

Our Responsibility 

We need to start paying attention to these things as much as we do the health of the teeth and periodontium. As dentists, we are responsible for the entire cranial facial respiratory complex. My colleague, Dr. Kevin Boyd in Chicago, is a pediatric dentist who came up with that label a few years ago. I love that term, because it helps us focus on the whole person, structure and function! We can be proud when we help our patients with the respiratory part of the complex. 

As we take our place in medicine as being in charge of the cranial facial respiratory complex, we get to affect growth and development. We get to help train the body to swallow properly and grow good bone and good airway support. And that’s the major role I think dentists are going to have going forward in healthcare–identifying those children who have an underdeveloped cranial facial respiratory complex and influencing their care. Like other folks in medicine…an ENT doctor…a myofunctional therapist…a speech therapist, we help correct the things that we recognize that are going wrong. 

Related Course

Mastering Dental Photography: From Start to Finish

DATE: October 29 2026 @ 8:00 am - October 31 2026 @ 12:00 pm

Location: The Pankey Institute

CE HOURS: 19

Regular Tuition: $ 2995

Single Occupancy with Ensuite Private Bath (per night): $ 355

Dental photography is an indispensable tool for a high level practice. We will review camera set-up and what settings to use for each photo. All photos from diagnostic series, portraits,…

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About Author

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Steve Carstensen DDS

Dr. Steve Carstensen, DDS, is the co-founder of Premier Sleep Associates, a dental practice dedicated to treating obstructive sleep apnea and snoring. After graduating from Baylor College of Dentistry in 1983, he and his wife, Midge, a dental hygienist, started a private practice of general dentistry in Texas before moving to native Seattle in 1990. In 1996 he achieved Fellowship in the Academy of General Dentists in recognition of over 3000 hours of advanced education in dentistry, with an increasing amount of time in both practice and classwork devoted to sleep medicine. A lifelong educator himself, Dr. Steve is currently the Sleep Education Director for The Pankey Institute. As a volunteer leader for the American Dental Association, he was a Program Chairman and General Chairman for the Annual Session, the biggest educational event the Association sponsors. For the American Academy of Dental Sleep Medicine he’s been a Board Member, Secretary Treasurer, and President-Elect. In 2006 he achieved Certification by the American Board of Dental Sleep Medicine. In 2014, he became the founding Editor-in-Chief of Dental Sleep Practice magazine, a publication for medical professionals treating sleep patients. He is a frequent contributor to webinars and other online education in this field.

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Advice for Young Dentists Part 2: My Thoughts on Productivity  

August 13, 2024 John Cranham, DDS

By John C. Cranham, DDS 

 When I’ve looked at and really studied my practice numbers over the years, my favorite has always been productivity per hour. I have aimed to focus on a low volume of patients who need advanced dentistry. As my practice developed, I was able to earn more per hour on fewer patients. I was able to earn as much or more while working fewer hours, and my overhead went down because the office was open fewer hours. 

 Rather than just firing off from the hip and trying to make a treatment plan with the patient who is in the chair, I now invite them back for what I call an “advanced records visit.” Then I focus on making comprehensive records and studying those to create a well-thought-out treatment plan. The time spent planning the treatment may be an hour.  

 When you become good at treatment planning, it may take as little as 20 minutes. But the idea is to do better dentistry for your patients and get to where you are working on about 12 big cases each month. I have found that doing more than that is exhausting and makes it difficult to maintain general patients.  

 As you develop your reputation for being a “go to” dentist who solves problems, the big cases will flow in steadily. When you are planning a big case, you are generally working off a treatment plan where you’ve mounted models, you’ve studied photographs, and you’ve got an architectural plan of where you’re going. It’s very cerebral.  

 When you’re executing the plan, everything must be done in a specific way. So, in my office, we have time scheduled for executing planned dentistry—without interruption. We have another time scheduled for seeing general patients and moving between operatories. In the morning huddle, we review the plan for the day and decide where we can fit in an emergency appointment if one is needed. 

 Over the years, my schedule has changed. I’ve tried various schedules and had to experience them to know what works best for me. Now, I like to arrive at 6:00 AM, do my cerebral case workups in solitude, schedule patients with advanced needs in the morning, and have short afternoons for general dentistry. I don’t bother with lunch because I have determined that I don’t need that break in my day.  

 You’ll find what works for you. Keep in mind that your schedule might change over the years in response to patient needs, staff needs, family needs, and your pursuit of other activities. That’s okay. There is no perfect one schedule that fits all dental practices all the time.  

 Once I had a steady flow of big cases coming in and productivity per hour was high, I no longer felt the need to keep my office open long days or to offer evening appointments. I discovered that evening appointments were the ones patients most often cancelled. And when we cut back on our afternoon appointments a few years ago, patients were accepting once they heard it was because the team and I wanted to spend more time with our families.  

 You may discover that when there are fewer appointment slots available, your patient’s perceived value of them rises, and patient calls to cancel or reschedule diminish. 

 Starting out in practice means delaying the gratification of shorter workdays. It will take some time to get your steam engine rolling but stay the course, balanced with being kind to yourself so you can keep going. Keep your vision alive and educate your patients toward the comprehensive dentistry that will serve them best. Be patient. Your low-volume/high-earning productivity per hour will grow slowly and then faster. 

 At every stage of practice, I think there is one thing all dentists have in common. They relish the quiet hours when they are alone planning treatment. Those are the hours when they feel most at peace, most able to solve complex problems, and actively create plans for efficiently delivering dentistry. As a young dentist, you might experience this once per month, and after a few years, you may experience this nearly every day. Those quiet hours are powerful hours for driving productivity. 

Related Course

Mastering Dental Photography: From Start to Finish

DATE: October 29 2026 @ 8:00 am - October 31 2026 @ 12:00 pm

Location: The Pankey Institute

CE HOURS: 19

Regular Tuition: $ 2995

Single Occupancy with Ensuite Private Bath (per night): $ 355

Dental photography is an indispensable tool for a high level practice. We will review camera set-up and what settings to use for each photo. All photos from diagnostic series, portraits,…

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John Cranham, DDS

Dr. John Cranham practices in Chesapeake, Virginia focusing on esthetic dentistry, implant dentistry, occlusal reconstruction, TMJ/Facial Pain and solving complex problems with an interdisciplinary focus. He practices with his daughter Kaitlyn, who finished dental school in 2020. He is an honors graduate of The Medical College of Virginia in 1988. He served the school as a part time clinical instructor from 1991-1998 earning the student given part time faculty of the year twice during his stint at the university. After studying form the greats in occlusion (Pete Dawson & The Pankey Institute) and Cosmetic Dentistry (Nash, Dickerson, Hornbrook, Rosental, Spear, Kois) during the 1990’s, Dr. Cranham created a lecture in 1997 called The Cosmetic Occlusal Connection. This one day lecture kept him very busy presenting his workflows on these seemingly diametrically opposed ideas. In 2001 he created Cranham Dental Seminars which provided, both lecture, and intensive hands on opportunities to learn. In 2004 he began lecturing at the The Dawson Academy with his mentor Pete Dawson, which led to the merging of Cranham Dental Seminars with The Dawson Academy in 2007. He became a 1/3 partner and its acting Clinical Director and that held that position until September of 2020. His responsibilities included the standardization of the content & faculty within The Academy, teaching the Lecture Classes all over the world, overseeing the core curriculum, as well as constantly evolving the curriculum to stay up to pace with the ever evolving world of Dentistry. During his 25 years as an educator, he became one of the most sought after speakers in dentistry. To date he has presented over 1650 full days of continuing education all over the world. Today he has partnered with Lee Culp CDT, and their focus is on integrating sound occlusal, esthetic, and sound restorative principles into efficient digital workflows, and ultimately coaching doctors on how to integrate them into their practices. He does this under the new umbrella Cranham Culp Digital Dental. Dr. Cranham has published numerous articles on restorative dentistry and in 2018 released a book The Complete Dentist he co-authored with Pete Dawson. In 2011 He along with Dr. Drew Cobb created The Dawson Diagnostic Wizard treatment planning software that today it is known as the Smile Wizard. Additionally, He has served as a key opinion leader and on advisory boards with numerous dental companies. In 2020 he published a book entitled “The Cornell Effect-A Families Journey Toward Happiness, Fulfillment and Peace”. It is an up from the ashes story about his adopted son, who overcame incredible odds, and ultimately inspired the entire family to be better. In November of 2021 it climbed to #5 on the Amazon best seller list in its category. Of all the things he has done, he believes getting this story down on paper is having the greatest impact.

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State-of-the-Art Hygiene Therapy  

August 10, 2024 Stephen Malone DMD

By Stephen K. Malone, DMD and Michael Costa, DDS, MHS 

We all know that the instrumentation options for dental hygiene services have come a long way since the first dental hygienist scaled teeth in 1906.   Early in the 20th century, the only technology a hygienist had was a set of sharp metal instruments and a spinning brush of gritty pumice. In the 1950s, ultrasonic technology was invented which helped disrupt calculus, but hygienists still had to follow up with scalers and polishers. Similarly, since the days of first scientific articles regarding oral micro-organisms in the 1870’s, our knowledge has increased exponentially regarding the role of oral biofilm not only in oral diseases, but whole-body health.   

In 2021 our office staff attended continuing education courses with legendary periodontist, Dr. Sam Low. Dr. Low introduced our practice to new technology that would help elevate our hygiene practice by improving biofilm removal, increasing patient ownership of personal oral hygiene practices, decreasing damage to root surfaces and restorations, and providing a gentler patient experience.   

The instrumentation is provided though a unit called a Prophylaxis Master – which is a combination of two different treatment modalities.  The hygienist first uses the Airflow unit to remove soft biofilm and young calculus.  The airflow handpiece delivers a combination of water, air and fine erythritol powder to lift and suction away the biofilm as well as stains.  Once the biofilm, young calculus and surface stains are removed, the hygienist moves to the integrated Piezo scaler to gently emulsify the remaining calculus. There are several different tips for both units to access deep pockets and implant surfaces safely. 

Scientific research has demonstrated this system is the gentlest and most efficient way to eliminate bacteria around cosmetic work and titanium implants, on enamel and root surfaces, and even on soft tissues. 

The GBT Protocol 

To get the most out of our investment, we implemented the “GBT” protocol, which is recommended by EMS, the company that manufactures the Prophylaxis Master. The 8-step GBT protocol is as follows:  

  1. Assess the teeth, gingiva, periodontal tissues, and any implants and peri-implant tissues. 
  2. Use disclosing solution to identify areas of biofilm accumulation. The color will also guide the hygienist to remove the biofilm with Airflow handpiece, after which calculus is easier to detect. 
  3. Show the patient the colored biofilm to raise awareness. Spend time educating the patient and emphasizing the importance of prevention. 
  4. Removal of biofilm, early calculus and stains with the Airflow. Airflow Plus powder is safe to use on teeth, root surfaces, gums, tongue, and palate. It can also be used to clean dental implants, restorations, orthodontic appliances, and clear aligners. 
  5. Use Airflow Plus powder with the Perioflow® nozzle to remove biofilm in >4 to 9mm pockets, root furcations, and on implants. 
  6. Remove the remaining calculus, using the minimally invasive EMS PIEZON® PS instrument supra and subgingivally in up to 10mm pockets and clean >10mm pockets with a mini curette. Use the EMS PIEZON® PI MAX instrument around implants up to 3mm subgingivally and on restorations. 
  7. After checking to make sure all biofilm and calculus has been removed, diagnosing for caries, and applying fluoride for a fresh and smooth feeling. 
  8. Schedule the patient’s recall visit based on risk assessment. 

What Our Patients Love About It  

  • Patients trust the thoroughness of the therapy because they can see the disclosed biofilm before it is removed and its absence after it is removed.  
  • The therapy is more comfortable than traditional methods. The water is warmed, and there is minimal root surface sensitivity compared to traditional hand and ultrasonic instrumentation.  
  • This technology gently reaches into places where traditional instruments couldn’t remove stains and tartar.  
  • The education patients receive from our hygienists highlights the value of the therapy.  
  • We have found that this is a superior stain and calculus removing technology.  
  • The erythritol powder that is mixed with warm water is pleasant tasting.  

 What Our Hygienists Love About It  

  • Less hand instrumentation means less body fatigue.  
  • There is superior stain removal and visual evidence that the biofilm is completely removed.  
  • Patients don’t complain about sensitivity or “poking.”  

 What Doctors Love About It 

  • Patients are happier.  
  • Hygienists are happier.  
  • It eliminates patient complaints about hygienists who are either “too aggressive” or “not aggressive enough” with instrumentation.  
  • It prevents damage to cosmetic and implant restorations, as well as root and enamel surfaces.  

Note: We are not paid to promote EMS or Guided Biofilm Therapy. We honestly think this is the best way we can efficiently, comfortably, and thoroughly provide the comprehensive care our patients deserve—and we thought we should share our great experience 

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DATE: October 29 2026 @ 8:00 am - October 31 2026 @ 12:00 pm

Location: The Pankey Institute

CE HOURS: 19

Regular Tuition: $ 2995

Single Occupancy with Ensuite Private Bath (per night): $ 355

Dental photography is an indispensable tool for a high level practice. We will review camera set-up and what settings to use for each photo. All photos from diagnostic series, portraits,…

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Stephen Malone DMD

Dr. Stephen Malone received his Doctorate of Dental Medicine Degree from the University of Louisville in 1994 and has practiced dentistry in Knoxville for nearly 20 years. He participates in multiple dental study clubs and professional organizations, where he has taken a leadership role. Among the continuing education programs he has attended, The Pankey Institute for Advanced Dental Education is noteworthy. He was the youngest dentist to earn the status of Pankey Scholar at this world-renowned post-doctoral educational institution, and he is now a member of its Visiting Faculty.

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Helping Our Patients Make Wise Decisions 

July 12, 2024 Paul Henny DDS

By Paul A. Henny, DDS, and Deborah E. Bush, MA 

The traditional rational economic model used in classical decision-making theory routinely fails to predict patient behavior because it fails to consider the psychology of decision-making and the inductive neuro process necessary to change one’s mind about what is best for oneself. 

Classic Decision Theory 

Classic Decision Theory (CDT) models a decision-making process that involves a fixed set of alternatives about which a person knows little. In response, they relate their limited knowledge to the situation at hand, use their beliefs and expectations associated with the options to project an outcome, and then use logic to make the final decision based on their goals. 

According to this theory, people primarily make decisions based on their desire to maximize gains and minimize losses, an objective. This deductive process is largely driven by a heuristic known as “scarcity bias.” However, anyone who has practiced dentistry for more than a day outside of a teaching institution knows that CDT fails to explain many of the decisions patients make when they’re confronted with a complex problem they don’t fully understand.  

Simple decisions such as “Should I get this filling replaced because it’s broken?” or “Should I allow Dr. Smith to help me make this tooth stop hurting?” are predictable. What’s much less predictable is whether a person will allow us to equilibrate their occlusion or leverage restorative dentistry to reestablish proper form, function, esthetics, and neuromuscular modulation. Why? Because these are complex issues that require an understanding of how the stomatognathic system works before the proposed solution makes sense and appears to be the logical best option to the patient. 

Neuroeconomics is an interdisciplinary field that aims to explain human decision-making. By integrating psychology and neuroscience, this discipline can help us better understand how humans process alternatives to make choices and follow through on a plan of action. Neuroscience affirms that re-evaluating perspectives is a right-brain activity and an inductive process. 

The Dentist’s Challenge  

In practice, we often see patients making decisions we think are unwise for their long-term oral health. A person’s values and belief system influence their decisions. Not only may the person’s understanding and belief system be underdeveloped in relation to the value of properly planned, designed, and executed health-centered restorative dentistry, but their memories may be distorted. In this case, the person makes what we perceive to be unwise decisions because their memories do not align well with our understanding of the situation. They don’t know what we know.  

Helping Patients Think and Feel Differently Through Inductive Reasoning 

Reassessment, modification, or outright replacement of beliefs is a right-brain process known as inductive reasoning. The purpose of Co-Discovery is to take the patient through an inductive reasoning process. Oral health providers who understand how and why Co-Discovery works have experienced how it can change the trajectory of a person’s decision-making process. 

Our challenge is to create an optimal learning environment in which people can safely reevaluate their beliefs, values, and priorities. Being patient with patients and taking our time to guide them through the inductive process of Co-Discovery will comfortably provoke new thinking, new beliefs, and new emotions. Through the process, a great many patients come to realize that their historical perspective is not serving them well, and they decide to have that equilibration or restorative dentistry that will serve them best in the long-term.  

They may not choose treatment the first time it is recommended but will subsequently realize it is in their best interest. We just have to stay in conversation with them in Co-Discovery mode and guide them through the inductive process to arrive at their new goals.  

Long-term, this is healthier for dentists and their care teams as well. The conversations we have with patients change the trajectory of our dental practices. Better conversations result in better decisions, which in turn result in better outcomes. Better outcomes result in lower stress and a thriving practice that is much more fulfilling for dentists and care team members.   

Related Course

Mastering Dental Photography: From Start to Finish

DATE: October 29 2026 @ 8:00 am - October 31 2026 @ 12:00 pm

Location: The Pankey Institute

CE HOURS: 19

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Single Occupancy with Ensuite Private Bath (per night): $ 355

Dental photography is an indispensable tool for a high level practice. We will review camera set-up and what settings to use for each photo. All photos from diagnostic series, portraits,…

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About Author

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Paul Henny DDS

Dr. Paul Henny maintains an esthetically-focused restorative practice in Roanoke, Virginia. Additionally, he has been a national speaker in dentistry, a visiting faculty member of the Pankey Institute, and visiting lecturer at the Jefferson College or Health Sciences. Dr. Henny has been a member of the Roanoke Valley Dental Society, The Academy of General Dentistry, The American College of Oral Implantology, The American Academy of Cosmetic Dentistry, and is a Fellow of the International Congress of Oral Implantology. He is Past President and co-founder of the Robert F. Barkley Dental Study Club.

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Partnering in Health Part 7: The Path to a More Elegant Treatment Plan 

July 3, 2024 Mary Osborne RDH

By Mary Osborne, RDH 

Dr. Rachel Naomi Remin says, “Doctor, you may know what’s best for the disease the patient has but that’s not the same as knowing what’s best for the patient.”  

It’s difficult to let go of our own assumptions about what we’re supposed to do, how healthy this person should be based on our criteria, and what is the best path forward in every situation. Our clinical training leads us to believe that we’re supposed to know what’s best for our patient. 

There is another quote, from Dr. Albert Schweitzer, which has challenged my thinking about patient care for a long time:  

“Patients carry their own doctor inside.”  

I believe that every one of us has opinions, ideas, and knowledge about our own health. That is the doctor inside. Dr. Schweitzer said patients come to us knowing we have expertise, but “we are at our best when we give the physician who resides within each patient a chance to go to work.” When we do that, we help people become healthier. 

There is a place for our solutions. There is a place for our expertise to show up. But if we slow ourselves down a half step, we are often amazed at the answers patients come up with. They can be downright creative and elegant. The reason they are elegant is because they are their solutions, and patients are more likely to follow through with solutions they conceive. I’m not saying we shouldn’t guide them to understanding the advantages and disadvantages of their solutions and other possibilities that you we know are out there, but we should be open to allowing them to think about solutions and not prejudge their choices. 

For example, if a patient says she or he doesn’t have time to floss, I was trained to say, “Well, don’t you watch the evening news? You can do it while you’re watching the news. Right?” That’s about me having the solution. But now I sit back and say to the patient, “Well, it sounds like you’re very busy. Is there any time at all during the day when you’re sitting, and you feel that you could floss easily?” When I ask the question, they usually have a better answer than the nightly news. It’s a better solution because it’s their solution. They have bought into it at some level.  

In many cases, we see the “treatment” for a problem as we’re seeing the problem. That’s something that we take a great deal of pride in. But when we come together with our patient, sitting eye to eye, we can often come to a much more elegant treatment plan, one that moves us more comprehensively toward our goal of improved health. In between what is and what is possible, we encourage the patient to discover the level of health to which they aspire. We come to mutual agreement about going forward in a certain way to accomplish some things that are bigger and better than just solving “a problem.” 

Related Course

Mastering Dental Photography: From Start to Finish

DATE: October 29 2026 @ 8:00 am - October 31 2026 @ 12:00 pm

Location: The Pankey Institute

CE HOURS: 19

Regular Tuition: $ 2995

Single Occupancy with Ensuite Private Bath (per night): $ 355

Dental photography is an indispensable tool for a high level practice. We will review camera set-up and what settings to use for each photo. All photos from diagnostic series, portraits,…

Learn More>

About Author

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Mary Osborne RDH

Mary is known internationally as a writer and speaker on patient care and communication. Her writing has been acclaimed in respected print and online publications. She is widely known at dental meetings in the U.S., Canada, and Europe as a knowledgeable and dynamic speaker. Her passion for dentistry inspires individuals and groups to bring the best of themselves to their work, and to fully embrace the difference they make in the lives of those they serve.

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